geroprobПроблемы геронаукиProblems of Geroscience2949-47452949-4753АНО «ОСО ИТЕМ»10.37586/2949-4745-2-2025-76-84geroprob-102Research ArticleОбзорыReviewsЛегкие нарушения поведения как предиктор когнитивного снижения в пожилом возрастеMild behavioral impairment as a predictor of cognitive decline in old agehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-4764КоберскаяН. Н.KoberskayaN. N.

Коберская Надежда Николаевна

Москва

Koberskaya Nadezhda Nikolaevna 

Moscow 

koberskaya_n_n@mail.ruПервый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет), кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины ; ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ Н. И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет), ОСП «Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр»РоссияFaculty of General Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) ; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Pirogov University), Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical CenterRussian Federation202530062025027684Copyright © Коберская Н.Н., 20252025Коберская Н.Н.Koberskaya N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geronauka.com/jour/article/view/102

Все больше исследователей в области нейродегенеративных заболеваний уделяют внимание некогнитивным проявлениям, возникающим в пожилом возрасте. Активно обсуждается их роль: выступают ли они в качестве факторов, повышающих вероятность развития тяжелого когнитивного дефицита, или же являются его первыми признаками. В настоящем обзоре представлена информация о частоте встречаемости легких нарушений поведения (ЛНП) у пациентов с субъективным когнитивным снижением (СКС), умеренными когнитивными расстройствами (УКР), связанными с повышенным риском развития деменции. Подробно описан синдром ЛНП, который в настоящее время используется параллельно с термином УКР. Легкие нарушения поведения — это новая стратегия, направленная на прогнозирование развития деменции еще до появления когнитивных симптомов. Обобщены данные зарубежных исследований за последние 10 лет, посвященных изучению влияния ЛНП на ухудшение когнитивных функций. Рассмотрены вопросы дифференциальной диагностики данных расстройств, применяемые методы диагностики ЛНП.

More and more researchers in the field of neurodegenerative diseases are paying attention to non-cognitive manifestations that arise in old age. Their role is actively debated: whether they act as factors increasing the likelihood of developing severe cognitive impairment or represent early manifestations of the condition's first signs. This review presents information on the incidence of mild behavioral impairments (MBI) in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. MBI syndrome, which is currently used in conjunction with MCI, is described in detail. Mild behavioral impairments are a new strategy aimed at predicting the development of dementia even before the onset of cognitive symptoms. Data from international studies over the past ten years devoted to the study of the influence of MBI on cognitive decline are summarized. Issues of differential diagnosis of these disorders and the methods used to diagnose MBI are considered.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.