geroprobПроблемы геронаукиProblems of Geroscience2949-47452949-4753АНО «ОСО ИТЕМ»10.37586/2949-4745-2-2023-80-87geroprob-19Research ArticleОбзорыReviewsРоль серотонинового пути метаболизма триптофана в развитии нейровоспаления при болезни АльцгеймераThe Role of the Serotonin Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism in the Development of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's DiseaseФоминА. С.FominA. S.

Александр Сергеевич Фомин, студент 4-­го курса

факультет «Институт клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского»

группа 701­-42

Москва

Alexander S. Fomin, 4th year student

N. V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine (ICM)

Moscow

sashafomin2002@mail.ruСергееваС. П.SergeevaS. P.

Светлана Павловна Сергеева, д­р мед. наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией

Российский геронтологический научно-­клиниче­ский центр

Институт изучения старения

лаборато­рия старения мозга

Москва

Телефон: +7(917)552­33­48

Svetlana P. Sergeeva, MD, PhD, Associate professor, Leading Researcher, Head of Laboratory

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre

Brain Aging Laboratory

Moscow

Phone: +7(917)5523348

sergeeva_sp@rgnkc.ruФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation202318122023028087Copyright © Фомин А.С., Сергеева С.П., 20232023Фомин А.С., Сергеева С.П.Fomin A.S., Sergeeva S.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geronauka.com/jour/article/view/19

   Несмотря на то что более 90 % триптофана метаболизируется по кинурениновому пути, серотониновый путь имеет большое значение для функционирования центральной нервной системы. Основными продуктами этого пути являются серотонин и мелатонин. Они обеспечивают поддержание режима сна-бодрствования, модулирование активности окислительного стресса, апоптоза нейронов и глиальных элементов, регенерации и нейровоспаления. В патогенезе болезни Альцгеймера нейровоспалению отводится одна из главных ролей. Мелатонин и серотонин, являясь модуляторами его интенсивности, а также важным компонентом нейрохимических взаимодействий, обеспечивающих когнитивные функции, могут быть рассмотрены в качестве мишеней профилактического и терапевтического воздействия.

   Despite the fact that more than 90 % of tryptophan is metabolized via the kynurenine pathway, the serotonin pathway is of great importance for the functioning of the central nervous system. The main products of this pathway are serotonin and melatonin. They provide maintenance of the sleep-wake mode, modulation of oxidative stress activity, apoptosis of neurons and glial elements, regeneration and neuroinflammation. In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, neuroinflammation plays one of the main roles. Melatonin and serotonin, being modulators of its intensity, as well as an important component of neurochemical interactions that provide cognitive functions, can be considered as targets for preventive and therapeutic effects.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.