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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geroprob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы геронауки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Geroscience</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-4745</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4753</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО «ОСО ИТЕМ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37586/2949-4745-1-2024-6-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geroprob-58</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Жить дольше 100 лет: факторы, ассоциированные с выживаемостью 100-летних, в московском исследовании «100-летний гражданин»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>To live more than 100 years: factors that are associated with the survival of centenarians. A model for Healthy Aging: Moscow centenarians</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0048-268X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерусланова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eruslanova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерусланова Ксения Алексеевна, канд. мед. наук, заведующая лабораторией сердечно-сосудистого старения,</p><p>Москва.  </p><p>Тел.:+7(499)187-78-09  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eruslanova Ksenia A., MD, PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Aging,</p><p>Moscow.</p><p>Phone: +7(499)187-78-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Eruslanova_KA@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6465-4842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарашкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharashkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарашкина Наталья Викторовна, канд. мед. наук, заведующая лабораторией общей гериатрии; доцент кафедры болезней старения,</p><p>Москва.</p><p>Телефон: +7(903)244-27-50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sharashkina Natalia V., MD, PhD, Head of Geriatrics Laboratory; Associate Professor, Age-related Diseases Department,</p><p>Moscow.</p><p>Phone: +7(903)244-27-50</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharashkina_nv@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2028-3939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мачехина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Machekhina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мачехина Любовь Викторовна, канд. мед. наук, заведующая лабораторией биомаркеров старения,</p><p>Москва.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Machekhina Lubov V., MD, PhD, Head ofthe Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aging,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mlv66@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-0454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рунихина</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Runikhina</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рунихина Надежда Константиновна, д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по гериатрической работе,</p><p>Москва.</p><p>Телефон: +7(499)187-78-09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Runikhina Nadezhda K., MD, PhD, professor, Deputy Director,</p><p>Moscow.</p><p>Phone: +7(499)187-78-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkrunihina@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1628-5093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котовская</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotovskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котовская Юлия Викторовна, д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе,</p><p>Москва.</p><p>Телефон: +7(499)187-78-09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kotovskaya Yulia V., MD, PhD, professor, Deputy Director,</p><p>Moscow.</p><p>Phone: +7(499)187-78-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kotovskaya_yv@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-688X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkacheva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткачева Ольга Николаевна, член-корреспондент РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор, директор,</p><p>Москва.</p><p>Телефон: +7(499)187-64-67</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tkacheva Olga N., MD, PhD, professor, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director,</p><p>Moscow.</p><p>Phone: +7(499)187-64-67</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkacheva@rgnkc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, ОСП «Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ерусланова К.А., Шарашкина Н.В., Мачехина Л.В., Рунихина Н.К., Котовская Ю.В., Ткачева О.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ерусланова К.А., Шарашкина Н.В., Мачехина Л.В., Рунихина Н.К., Котовская Ю.В., Ткачева О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eruslanova K.A., Sharashkina N.V., Machekhina L.V., Runikhina N.K., Kotovskaya Y.V., Tkacheva O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geronauka.com/jour/article/view/58">https://www.geronauka.com/jour/article/view/58</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить показатели выживаемости среди сверхдолгожителей (95 лет и старше) в течение 36 месяцев и оценить прогностические факторы риска смертности.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективное когортное исследование были включены 82 долгожителя. При первом посещении оценивался социальнодемографический, функциональный, эмоциональный и когнитивный статус. Во время следующего визита были проведены инструментальные и лабораторные исследования, включая эхокардиографию, ультразвуковое исследование сонной и бедренной артерий, а также измерения жесткости артерий (скорость пульсовой волны и индекс аугментации). Через 36 месяцев результаты исследования умерших пациентов сравнивали с выжившими.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За время наблюдения 44 (63,8%) долгожителя умерли. Независимыми факторами риска смертности были анемия, низкий уровень функционального и когнитивного статуса. Структурно-функциональные изменения сердца (фракция выброса менее 60% и конечный диастолический размер правого желудочка выше 2,7 см) независимо связаны с неблагоприятным прогнозом. Сохранение автономности и нормальный статус питания связаны с хорошим прогнозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. У лиц 95 лет и старше наибольшее негативное влияние на прогноз оказывает низкий функциональный, когнитивный и нутритивный статус.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the survival rates of subjects aged 95 and over after a follow-up period of 36-months and estimate predictive factors for mortality risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 82 centenarians were included in a prospective cohort study. At the first visit, social-demographic, functional, emotional, and cognitive status were evaluated. During the next visit, instrumental and laboratory tests were done, including echo-cardiograph, ultra-sound of the carotid and femoral arteries, and measurements of the arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and index augmentation). After the 36 months, the patients who died were compared with the rest.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 44 deaths (63,8%) were recorded during the follow-up period. The independent risk factors for mortality were anemia, low level of functional and cognitive status. The heart's structural and functional changes (ejection fraction below 60% and end-diastolic size of the right ventricular above 2,7 cm) were independently associated with long-term mortality. Besides, independence and functional nutritional status are associated with a good prognosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In the older old group (95 years and above), low functional, cognitive, and nutritional status are associated with poor prognosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сверхдолгожители</kwd><kwd>гериатрия</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>комплексная гериатрическая оценка</kwd><kwd>анемия</kwd><kwd>фракция выброса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>centenarians</kwd><kwd>geriatrics medicine</kwd><kwd>survival rate</kwd><kwd>complex geriatric assessment</kwd><kwd>anemia</kwd><kwd>ejection fraction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Statistics 2023. Monitoring Health for SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). ISBN: 978-92-4-156570-7. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/367912/9789240074323-eng. pdf?sequence=1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Statistics 2023. 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