geroprobПроблемы геронаукиProblems of Geroscience2949-47452949-4753АНО «ОСО ИТЕМ»10.37586/2949-4745-1-2025-15-21geroprob-89Research ArticleОбзорыReviewsВитамин D и его роль в процессах старения: обзор литературыVitamin D and Its Role in the Aging Process: A Review of the Literaturehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-6850ДудинскаяЕ. Н.DudinskayaE. N.

Дудинская Екатерина Наильевна.

Москва.

Dudinskaya Ekaterina Nailievna.

Moscow.

dudinskaya_en@rgnkc.ruФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н. И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет), ОСП «Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр»РоссияRussian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation202506122025011521Copyright © Дудинская Е.Н., 20252025Дудинская Е.Н.Dudinskaya E.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geronauka.com/jour/article/view/89

Витамин D, являясь жирорастворимым микронутриентом, играет ключевую роль не только в поддержании кальций-фосфорного обмена, но и в регуляции множества биологических процессов, включая иммунный ответ, клеточную пролиферацию, дифференцировку и апоптоз. В последние годы внимание исследователей привлекает роль витамина D в модуляции хронического воспаления, окислительного стресса и процессов клеточного старения. Дефицит витамина D широко распространен в популяции, особенно в регионах с низким уровнем солнечной инсоляции, что делает его одной из ключевых проблем современной медицины. Эпидемиологические данные свидетельствуют о связи низкого уровня витамина D с развитием возраст-ассоциированных заболеваний, таких как сердечно-сосудистые патологии, сахарный диабет 2-го типа, остеопороз и когнитивные нарушения. Однако механизмы, лежащие в основе этих ассоциаций, остаются не до конца изученными. В частности, недостаточно исследована роль витамина D в регуляции длины теломер, активности теломеразы и других биомаркеров клеточного старения. Учитывая растущую распространенность возрастных заболеваний и необходимость поиска эффективных стратегий их профилактики, изучение влияния витамина D на процессы старения представляется крайне актуальным.

Vitamin D, a fat-soluble micronutrient, plays a crucial role not only in maintaining calcium-phosphorus metabolism but also in regulating a wide range of biological processes, including immune response, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In recent years, its role in modulating chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular aging processes has attracted significant research attention. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread in the population, particularly in regions with low levels of solar insolation, making it one of the key challenges in modern medicine. Epidemiological data indicate an association between low vitamin D levels and the development of age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, and cognitive decline. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain incompletely understood. In particular, the role of vitamin D in regulating telomere length, telomerase activity, and other biomarkers of cellular aging has not been sufficiently studied. Given the increasing prevalence of age-related diseases and the need to identify effective prevention strategies, investigating the impact of vitamin D on aging processes is highly relevant.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.