Кишечный микробиом как ключевой фактор в старении: механизмы и последствия для здоровья

В статье обсуждаются механизмы влияния кишечного микробиома на старение человека и связанные с ним заболевания. Авторы рассматривают изменения в составе микробиоты с возрастом и их влияние на воспаление, иммунный ответ и проницаемость кишечного барьера. Особое внимание уделено патогенетическим взаимосвязям между кишечной микробиотой и развитием сердечно-сосудистых, метаболических и нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Отмечается роль дисбаланса в микробиоме — дисбиоза — как одного из ключевых механизмов ускорения процессов старения. В обзоре представлен комплексный анализ современных исследований, демонстрирующих влияние микробных метаболитов на системы организма через оси «кишечник — мозг», «кишечник — сердечно-сосудистая система» и «кишечник — эндокринная система».

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