The gut microbiome as a central player in aging: mechanisms and health outcomes
https://doi.org/10.37586/2949-4745-3-2024-154-160
Abstract
The article explores the mechanisms by which the gut microbiome influences human aging and associated diseases. The authors examine age-related changes in the composition of the microbiota and their effects on inflammation, immune response, and intestinal barrier permeability. Special attention is given to the pathogenic interactions between the gut microbiota and the development of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. The role of microbiome imbalance, known as dysbiosis, is highlighted as one of the key mechanisms accelerating the aging process. The review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent studies that demonstrate the impact of microbial metabolites on various body systems through the «gut-brain,» «gut-cardiovascular,» and «gut-endocrine» axes.
Keywords
gut microbiota,
aging,
dysbiosis,
inflammaging,
neurodegenerative diseases,
cardiovascular diseases,
metabolic diseases
Supporting agencies: This work was carried out with financial support from the Priority 2030 programme.
About the Authors
A. A. Melnitskaia
Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Melnitskaia Aleksandra A., MD, geriatrician, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aging
Moscow
L. V. Matchekhina
Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Machekhina Lubov V., MD, PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aging
Moscow
A. K. Ilyushchenko
Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ilyushchenko Anna K., MD, internist
Moscow
I. D. Strazhesko
Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Strazhesko Irina D., MD, PhD, Deputy Director for Translational Medicine, Leading Researcher at the Department of Age-Related Diseases, Medical Scientific and Educational Center of Lomonosov Moscow State University
Moscow
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For citations:
Melnitskaia A.A., Matchekhina L.V., Ilyushchenko A.K., Strazhesko I.D. The gut microbiome as a central player in aging: mechanisms and health outcomes. Problems of Geroscience. 2024;(3):154-160. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.37586/2949-4745-3-2024-154-160
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