Эпигенетика старения: основные механизмы

   Старение является комплексным биологическим процессом, на который влияет множество факторов, включая генетические, средовые и поведенческие. Последние исследования показывают, что эпигенетические изменения играют важную роль в процессе старения, так как они регулируют генную экспрессию и влияют на клеточные функции. К эпигенетическим модификациям относятся метилирование ДНК, модификации гистонов, экспрессия некодирующей РНК и другие механизмы. В обзоре обсуждается роль метилирования ДНК в регуляции генной экспрессии и его связь с возраст-ассоциированными заболеваниями, включая онкологические и нейродегенеративные заболевания. Также в статье обсуждается роль модификаций гистонов и их влияние на структуру хроматина и экспрессию генов. Дополнительно обзор затрагивает участие молекулярных признаков старения в развитии возраст-ассоциированных заболеваний. Понимание роли эпигенетических механизмов в старении критически важно для поиска новых вмешательств, способных замедлить процессы старения.

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