Many organs undergo negative changes during aging that affect their functions and ability to regenerate. In particular, the kidneys become more susceptible to acute injury and are more likely to develop chronic kidney disease with age. One of the reasons for this may be a decrease in the number of kidney resident progenitor cells. This review addresses age-related changes that occur in the kidneys at the histological and molecular levels, including those related to the cell cycle, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. This review describes the available studies on resident kidney stem cells, their niches, morphology, possible markers, and the dynamics of their numbers during the aging process. The reasons for the age-related decline in renal regenerative potential are considered based on molecular and cellular mechanisms.

Introduction. The increasing burden of morbidity from heart failure, which is determined to be an age-related disease, new information about sex differences of this pathology determines the need of reviewing existing data on this problem particularly in older patients. The objective is to systematize data on gender differences in heart failure among older patients.

Materials and methods. A search of literature for 2011–2023 was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar databases, eLibrary. Data on sex and age differences of heart failure was included. The preferred languages were Russian and English. During the initial search, 4,228 sources were found. Full-text peer reviewed journal publications with the results of randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and observational studies were selected.

Results and discussion. Gender differences in risk factors, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, treatment of heart failure (HF), particularly in older and oldest-old patients were characterized. Presented information proves the need for a differentiated approach for managing patients of both sex with HF in advanced age.

Conclusion. It is necessary to develop new scientific programs and clinical recommendations for the differentiated management of patients with HF, including older and oldest-old patients in order to improve the prognosis and quality of life.

Rationale. The impact of vitamin D3 deficiency on the risk and prognosis of numerous chronic diseases has been actively studied for years. Recent research has demonstrated that vitamin D is not merely involved in the control of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, but can also enhance insulin sensitivity, decrease the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. The influence of vitamin D3 on some cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) was described. Thus studying the role of vitamin D3 in the development of arteries wall changes in T2DM and IR, and their relationship with biology telomere seems to be quite relevant.

Aim. To study the relationship between vitamin D3 deficiency and vascular wall condition, telomere biology in patients with varying insulin sensitivity.

Materials and methods. The cross-sectional study involved 305 patients (106 men and 199 women) aged 51.5 ± 13.3 y.o. All patients underwent laboratory and instrumental research methods, study of morphofunctional state vascular wall. Telomere length and telomerase activity were determined using polymerase chain reaction.

Results. Totally, 18 patients out of 248 (7.2%) were found to have normal vitamin D3 level (more than 30 ng/ml). In 92.8% of those studied Vitamin D3 insufficiency or deficiency was determined. As increase in vitamin D3 deficiency, an increase in fasting glucose was noted, HbA1c and its elevated concentration, HOMA index, glucose disorders up to T2DM, higher vascular stiffness. Telomerase activity in group with vitamin D3 deficiency was significantly lower than in groups with vitamin D3 insufficiency and normal content. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that they are independently associated with vitamin D3 in T2DM (B=1.43; st. OR. 0.106; p=0.0001), vascular stiffness (B=0.075; st. OR. 2.11; p=0.017), fasting glucose (B=0.169; st. OR 1.62; p=0.004), HbA1c level (B=0.062; st. OR. 7.4; p=0.001) and the presence of “short” telomeres (B=0.09; st. OR. 1.154; p=0.001). ROC analysis revealed relationships between BMI (0.634, p=0.001), duration of T2DM (0.651, p=0.022), high intima media thickness (0.614, p=0.004), vascular stiffness (0.605, p<0.001), HbA1c (0.588, p=0.022) and presence of vitamin D3 deficiency.

Conclusion. In persons with varying insulin sensitivity — from insulin resistance up T2DM is advisable assess vitamin D3 levels for effective prevention of arterial wall changes in addition to traditional CVD risk factors. Availability Vitamin D3 deficiency requires active prevention metabolic disorders and vascular changes.

This article describes the creating and first results of Aging Research Biobank affiliated with the Institute for Research on Aging, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. The Biobank was created to preserve, store and use of various biological species — such as blood, serum, plasma, saliva, gut microbiota and others. These samples are used to conduct research on age-related changes and associated diseases. The article represents in detail the sample collection and storage process, carried out in strict compliance with international standards and recommendations. Each stage of the Biobank operation is supervised by a team of professionals, controlling the quality of biological materials to reduce the risk of errors and damage when collecting and storing of samples. The paper also presents the first results from studies using biological material stored in the Biobank. They make important contributions to the scientific understanding of various aspects of the aging process and age-related diseases. These studies can help identify and analyze the mechanisms of age-related changes, thereby developing new methods to prevent and treat age-related diseases. The creation of the Biobank and its operation also contribute to improving the quality of healthcare and scientific developments in the field of age-related disease research.

Background. This article summarizes important information that can be used when planning an active aging clinic. The paper provides a brief overview of the current state of the industry, lists government support measures. The main content of the article is an express business plan that covers all standard sections, with the author including only the most essential and sought-after information within them.

Aim. Generalization and systematization of information about the organization and management of the active aging clinic

Materials and methods. For the advisory review, free sources, publications on organization and management, statistical data, information on state support measures, analysis of the competitive environment, SWAT analysis, financial and production plans, organizational structure were used

Results. Collected, summarized and structured data on the organization and management of the active aging clinic

Conclusion. The Active Aging Clinic is fundamentally different from the existing anti-aging therapy offers on the market. The main goal of the clinic is to prolong active longevity. For this, currently known methods and medical practices are used.